MPA-DP Spotlight Urban Mobility Master Class and the Summer Field Placement COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

MPA-DP Spotlight Urban Mobility Master Class and the Summer Field Placement COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog The MPA in Development Practice program has some distinct educational opportunities for students. Here we highlight two of them: 1. Master Class: Urban Mobility On Saturday November 9th, six generations of MDP students came to attend Paloma Ruiz’s, Principal Executive of Transport Infrastructure for the CAF MasterClass. Paloma (MDP’13 alumni) focused on the importance of urban mobility development in reaching overall inclusive and sustainable development. During the master class Paloma presented real-life policy cases from Colombia, Ecuador, China, the US, and Europe for attendants’ better understanding of how well planned transport infrastructure projects can reinforce institutional capacity and general improvements to people’s quality of life. The Urban Mobility Master Class. 2. Ryo Ogura MPA-DP 20 and his Summer Placement experience Ryo Ogura (MPA-DP’20) spent his summer placement at the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) in Beijing, China, a newly established multilateral development bank focusing on sustainable infrastructure investment. As an intern in the Office of Treasurer, he worked on robotic process automation to improve operation efficiency, long-term cash flow forecasting model building. Ryo Ogura MPA-DP 20 with colleague Jonathan Poon MPA-DP 16 at AIIB. Learn more about the  MPA-DP Program: Instagram:  columbiasipa_mpadp Twitter: @ColumbiaMPADP LinkedIn Facebook

Results Of My Calculations Were Surprising And Also Eye...

The results of my calculations were surprising and also eye opening. I calculated that with all of the clothes, books, school supplies, technology, medical and personal supplies, and random items around my dorm that it cost $9,334 to buy everything in my dorm. If a person who got paid a salary at the poverty level, which is $1.25$, it would take them 7467.2 days or 20.458 years to make enough money to buy everything in my little dorm room. These numbers are very shocking and disturbing at the same time. Coming from an upper middle class family, buying the items I needed for college wasn’t cheap, however, because of the financial stability and amount of capital my parents make, the cost of college was manageable. For people in other countries, purchasing the clothes, technology, books and school supplies, would take them over 20 years of their salary to afford. The common cliche saying college students say is, â€Å"I’m a college student, I m not rich†. While com pared to the super wealthy in America, yes, college students are poor. Many college students get jobs to pay for student loans, food, and other items that are both items of want and need. In many countries around the world, many people make $1.25 or less per day. They are working long, strenuous and arduous hours just to afford enough for survival and to keep their families safe. College students capital versus a person in poverty’s capital are quite polarized where a college student owns and has a plethora more amountShow MoreRelatedDysfunctions Of A Team, Results, And Recommendations Essay1550 Words   |  7 Pages 7 Dysfunctions of a Team Survey, Results, and Recommendations Kim J. Hebel University of Central Arkansas Abstract A 10-12 PLC team was surveyed on their personal beliefs about how their team functions. The survey results were calculated and evaluated using Lencioni?s (2002) five Dysfunctions of a Team. 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Essay about Metamorphosis of Celie in Alice Walkers...

The Metamorphosis of Celie in The Color Purple For people to be equal they need a chance to become equal by self-discovering themselves. As we are growing older during our childhood we depend on our environment, parents, and peers to create our self-image. Within our environment we are always trying to develop new insights in order to identify, clarify, connect and account for our beliefs. Even the underlying cause of dysfunctional relationships lies in crucial events in our life experience. The environment in which one is raised and developed will have a large affect on the individual. Most of the people that succeed in life come from stable families, in well positioned environments. While those that are not fortunate enough†¦show more content†¦. .a mans world(Klosowski 4). As a result of Celies environment she never gets a fair opportunity to self-discover until she gets away from her surroundings. The society in which she lived forced her to act the way she did. Walker shows Celie as part of a community which shares struggles, and women are oppressed by men. In this society, The white man destroyed the black man, the black man destroyed the woman( Klosowski 5). Celie is dominated and abused by the majority of the male figure in the novel including her stepfather. Her stepfather was a major influence in her life. Her stepfather raped her, causing the birth of two children whom he gave away to an old friend. The second man in her life, her husband, abused her not only physically by beating her but he also abused her verbally by calling her names. These two men left her subdued and passive. She became emotionally dead with this suppression of her personality of who she was. she was just a person who cooked and cleaned and took care of the children without any consideration given to her. She is uneducated because her father took her out off school as a result of her pregnancies. Celie is raised in an environment where she wasnt allow to have a mind of her own because her father dominated and controlled all her actions. For example, Celie writes letters to God because she has been warned by herShow MoreRelated Metamorphosis of Celie in Alice Walkers Color Purple Essay1091 Words   |  5 Pages Metamorphosis of Celie in The Color Purplenbsp;nbsp; In the book The Color Purple (1982) by Alice Walker, the main character Celie develops from an abused, shy and browbeaten teenage girl into a strong, mature and self-confident woman. This metamorphisis is due to five major factors: Celie observes other successful women, she receives love and appreciation, changes in Celie’s view of God, Celie’s maturation and a bit of luck. As Celie is brought up, her father sexually molests her overRead More Compare racial and cultural struggles in Alice Walker’s The Color2850 Words   |  12 Pagesracial and cultural struggles in Alice Walker’s The Color Purple as well as Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye. In African-American texts, blacks are seen as struggling with the patriarchal worlds they live in order to achieve a sense of Self and Identity. The texts I have chosen illustrate the hazards of Western religion, Rape, Patriarchal Dominance and Colonial notions of white supremacy; an intend to show how the protagonists of Alice Walker’s The Color Purple as well as Toni Morrison’s The

Operations Research Questions Free Essays

Pace University DigitalCommons@Pace Faculty Working Papers Lubin School of Business 11-1-1999 The Mystery of Linear Programming Explained: Second Edition Jack Yurkiewicz Pace University Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons. pace. edu/lubinfaculty_workingpapers Recommended Citation Yurkiewicz, Jack, â€Å"The Mystery of Linear Programming Explained: Second Edition† (1999). We will write a custom essay sample on Operations Research Questions or any similar topic only for you Order Now Faculty Working Papers. Paper 21. http://digitalcommons. pace. edu/lubinfaculty_workingpapers/21 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Lubin School of Business at DigitalCommons@Pace. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Working Papers by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Pace. For more information, please contact rracelis@pace. edu. WORKING PAPERS No. 191 November 1999 The Mystery of Linear Programming Explained: Second Edition by Jack Yurkewicz, Ph. D. Professor of Management Science and Director of the Advanced Professional Certificate Program Lubin School of Business Pace University THE MYSTERY OF LINEAR PROGRAMMING EXPLAINEDSECOND EDITION As Recounted by John H. Watson, M. D. Edited by Jack Yurkiewicz, Ph. D. Jack Yurkiewicz is Professor of Management Science and Director of the Advanced Professional Certificate Program at the Lubin School of Business, Pace University. Introduction INTRODUCTION I hadn’t seen my old friend and companion, Sir Sherlock Holmes (he had been knighted by the Queen and insisted that this appellation be used) in several months. Feeling that I had slighted him, I rang him up and told him I would be stopping by the next day to see how his new business venture was progressing. Holmes was truly glad to hear my voice and urged that we have lunch together. While he hinted that his firm, of which he was the sole employee, was doing well, he did indeed wish to discuss a business proposition with me. Needless to say, I was intrigued. I won’t bother to bore you, dear reader, with some of our mundane conversation the next day save to say that I found Holmes to be moodier than ever. The great detective had long ago become bored with crime solving, claiming there was little challenge in solving many of the violent crimes that seemed so prevalent in our society. The firm that he started provided consulting service to corporations, in which he would use his mental abilities to help managers solve their business-related problems. Holmes explained to me that he enjoyed the challenge of his new endeavors but was finding it increasingly difficult to converse with these â€Å"business types,† as he called them. He just didn’t have the patience to explain his findings to them, for he found them curiously dull. Holmes went on to say that he had no doubt that this fact was the cause of the country’s lack of success in the international business environment. I didn’t want to say it, but I thought to myself that the fault might not be solely with the business managers he was dealing with, but partially with him, for I myself frequently found him short-tempered and impatient, even during his ordinary conversations with me. In any case, his proposition to me was simple. Holmes: Listen, Watson, I just can’t bear the thought of explaining to these so-called â€Å"leaders† how they should be running their firms. They come to me with some specific problem, usually ill-defined, and then expect me to come up with a solution. I have found that getting the solution is fairly trivial, but I have the dickens of a time trying to explain it to them! You have a solid head on your shoulders, old fellow. Suppose you became my partner. Your only job would be to explain to them the solution that I propose, for I fear that my patience is not as long as yours is. Watson: The thought intrigues me, for I have been cutting back on my practice lately and do find myself available with more free time. What procedures do you use to get your results? Holmes: Mostly a branch of mathematics called â€Å"operations research,† which incidentally has its roots in this country during the Second World War. I collect the data, enter it on a computer I have in my study, and in almost an instant, I get the results. Watson: Well, I am afraid that tears it, Holmes. I don’t know the first thing about operations research and thus could not possibly explain it to others. I did try to learn the subject several years back. I bought a college textbook on the subject and spent several frustrating days trying to learn linear programming. The subject seemed understandable enough, but I became hopelessly 1 The Mystery of Linear Program Explained lost on the mechanics of the simplex algorithm. I was working with equations and performing what the author called â€Å"elementary row operations. † Believe me, there was nothing elementary about it. After three days I threw the book down in disgust and came to the conclusion that only masochists or the temporarily insane would ever try to fathom such a subject. Holmes: I fear you overestimate the subject’s complexity, but the point is irrelevant. No one really does these things by hand anymore, and so it was just your poor fortune to buy a book that was obsolete. All is now done with the aid of the computer. In fact, I am using a program called Solver, which is a part of Excel which is unusually easy to use and powerful. I will explain the computer output to you, along with its ramifications, and then you in turn will explain it to the manager in question. It really is quite simple, and if I may say, also lucrative. The more Holmes spoke, the more interested I became. His power of persuasion was truly formidable, and in the end, against much misgiving on my part, I agreed to enter into this venture on a trial basis. Holmes was satisfied with my decision and proposed that we start immediately with a problem that he had completed the other day that he was due to report on the following week. HOLMES DESCRIBES THE CASE Holmes: The Maximus Computer Company (MCC) has four basic computers it sells to students and small business people. The first, called the Starter, is a basic, â€Å"no-frills† computer. It has most of the amenities that a new user or a buyer on a strict budget could want, including CDROM with sound, an entry-level processor, a small hard disk, a modem for Internet access, and a 15-inch monitor. The second model, called the Midrange, is for more demanding users. This model offers a faster processor, larger hard disk, more RAM, a DVD player, and a 17-inch monitor. The third model, the Super, provides just about all the computing power a user could want. It offers even more RAM, a very fast processor, a large hard disk, a DVD player with hardware decoder, and a 17-inch monitor. All but the most demanding users would be very happy with the Super. However, for those who want the very â€Å"best,† the company offers the Extreme which offers a state-of-the-art processor, a huge hard disk, the best multimedia package (the latest generation DVD ROM with a five-piece speaker system), a CD re-writable drive, a 19inch monitor, etc. Thus, while the company offers only four models, it feels there is enough flexibility to cover most of the target computer audience. It is a small start-up company and management knows it has to compete against the heavily entrenched products from Dell, IBM, Compaq, Hewlett-Packard, and Gateway. The company philosophy is to ship computers with brandknown components and offer superior service, all at a cost to consumers that is lower than the competition’s. Watson: Well, Holmes, I believe I know about the philosophy of the company and its immediate goals. Can you please tell me more about the four models of computers we offer? 2 How the Operation Works Holmes: As I said, Maximus makes four models with different levels of features, all with the same customer support. They believe that whatever the sophistication of the machine, customer support should be â€Å"top notch† and not deteriorate with the price. In the long run, that will generate customer good will and promote their growth in the market. Watson: I agree whole-heartedly. Tell me a bit more about the computers themselves. HOW THE OPERATION WORKS Holmes: As you probably know, the computer industry is currently very competitive, and profit margins are low for each model. The net profit on a Starter is $50, for a Midrange it is $120, for a Super it is $250, and for an Extreme it is $300. These figures already take into account material, labor, depreciation, taxes, shipping, etc. In other words, these are the net profits to the company for each computer sold. Watson: Eventually we can delve into how these values are determined and perhaps how we can increase them, but for now, let’s assume that they are sacrosanct. What else can you tell me about the operation? Holmes: Management has, what they call â€Å"three operations† that make a computer. They call the first operation manufacture. This includes taking the customer’s phone call and determining which computer and options he or she wants and getting that information to the management of the production staff. They in turn will get the necessary components and make them available to the workers on the assembly line. The second operation is referred to as assembly, where the workers on the assembly line actually put together the computer, according the specifications of the customer’s order. These are skilled workers who take pride in their work, and even though they work on an assembly line, they do not have an â€Å"assembly line mentality,† for they believe they are making custom products for specific customers. The last operation is called inspection. Here we install the software, run various diagnostic tests, and generally check out and pack up the computer before we send it to the customer. Watson: I see. operations? Do you have approximate time figures on how long it takes to do these Holmes: It is a function of the computer. However, they have been doing this for some time now and so the time values do not vary all that much from machine to machine. Thus, for instance, for a Starter, we can assume 0. 1 hours for manufacture, 0. 2 hours for assembly, and 0. 1 hours for inspection. Our units are always in hours,I hope that doesn’t confuse you. Watson: Not at all. Actually, I’m used to minutes and so I am making mental transformations, but since the â€Å"company units† are always measured in hours, I will use those also. Tell me the corresponding values for the other computers. 3 The Mystery of Linear Programming Explained Holmes: For a Midrange, we use 0. 2 hours to manufacture, 0. 5 hours to assemble, and 0. 2 hours for inspection. Each Super requires 0. 7 hours to manufacture, 0. 25 hours to assemble, and 0. 3 hours inspection and testing. Finally, the Extreme gets 0. 8 hours to manufacture, 0. 2 hours to assemble, and 0. 5 hours for inspection. As I said, these numbers really don’t vary all that much from machine to machine, but as you can see, they do differ from model to model. Watson: Very well. What about your resources? How many people, or should I say, how many people-hours are available to do those three operations? Holmes: I agree with you that we should talk in terms of people-hours. I have been using the term â€Å"man-hours† for many years and if I lapse into that gender-specific term, please forgive me. To avoid offending you, I will just use the word â€Å"hours† from now on, but I hope you know I mean â€Å"people-hours† when I say it. Watson: Have no fear on my account, Holmes. My sensibilities will not be hurt if you use the older term â€Å"man-hours. What numbers do you have? Holmes: On a daily basis, management informed me that the company has 250 hours available for manufacture, 350 hours available for assembly, and 150 hours to do the inspection and testing. Watson: I presume that with all this information, we can proceed to model the problem as a linear program. Holmes: Indeed, Watson. As I intimated earlier, we can solve linear programs with Excel. Excel comes with an add-on package called Solver that is easy to use and yet powerful enough to solve most mathematical programming problems. All we have to do is make a spreadsheet model of the problem and Solver will do the rest. Watson: Well, that certainly is good news. I use Excel and I have made many models. But how do you make a linear program model in Excel? MODELING THE PROBLEM IN EXCEL Holmes: Have a look at the Excel spreadsheet model here on my computer, Watson. It is imperative that you first learn how to model a problem in a spreadsheet. Once you master this skill, we can then proceed to discuss how Solver can be used to get the answer for us. Cells B1, C1, D1, and E1 give the labels of our computers, which in linear programming terminology are called decision variables. We want the values of these variables to appear in cells B2, C2, D2, and E2. Excel’s Solver will call these cells the changing cells. We put the per-unit profit of each computer into cells B4 through D4. These numbers are traditionally called the objective function coefficients. We must enter a formula into cell I2 (which we labeled as the Profit in cell I1) that will give the net profit for all the computer’s made. 4 Modeling the Program in Excel A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 B Starter 0 50 0. 1 0. 2 0. 1 C Midrange 0 120 0. 2 0. 5 0. 2 D Super 0 250 0. 7 0. 25 0. 3 E Extreme 0 300 F G H I Profit 0 max manufacture assembly inspection Available 0. 8 250 0. 2 350 0. 5 150 Used Slack 0 250 0 350 0 150 Watson: I know how to do that. We would type in cell I2 the formula: =B2*B4 + C2*C4 + D2*D4 + E2*E4 Algebraically, we are saying, with this formula: 50(Starters) + 120(Midrange) + 250(Super) + 300(Extreme) Of course, the value in cell I2 is zero because we have zero values for the number of computers made in cells B2 through E2. Holmes: Well done, Watson! You should know that there is a shortcut to this rather tedious formula. Excel has the built-in function, SUMPRODUCT, which will save us much typing. That is, in cell I2 we can simply type: =SUMPRODUCT(B2:E2,B4:E4) That says: multiply the values in cells B2 through E2 by the corresponding values in the cells B4 through E4 respectively, and then add up the results. That gives us the same result as your formula. However, it is easier to input, since we need just type in the =sumproduct, highlight the ranges, and type the parentheses. The result is our total profit, which Solver calls the target cell. Watson: I suspect that we will be using that sumproduct function again. Tell me about the other items I see in your spreadsheet. Holmes: Our model is incomplete. We need to specify the constraints. These account for the technological, economic, or other limitations of the system, and restrict the values of the decision variables to some feasible set. We have three constraints in our problem: manufacturing, assembly, and inspection. Our manufacturing constraint is: 0. 1(Starter) + 0. 2(Midrange) + 0. 7(Super) + 0. 8(Extreme) How to cite Operations Research Questions, Essays

Robinsin Crusoe Essays - Fiction, English-language Films

Robinsin Crusoe A book review of Daniel Defoe's: Robinson Crusoe Robinson Crusoe is an imaginary story about a merchant-adventure marooned on a desert island off the northern coast of South America. Daniel Defoe wrote this novel in 1719.He based the story partly on the experiences of a Scottish sailor, Alexander Selkirk, but defoe's realistic account of Crusoe's like is much more interesting, and has become one of the most popular books in English. The book explains how Crusoe cleverly manages to make himself at home while he lives on the island. From my point of view the unique part that connects at this point in the story is that after living alone for 26 years, Crusoe rescues a man from cannibals. He calls the man Friday because he met him on that day. Friday becomes Crusoe's trusted friend and servant. The term, man Friday has come to mean any trusted servant. Finally after 28 years, Crusoe and Friday board a passing ship and are taken to England. Robinson Crusoe is a lively, exciting book that sweep the reader away in to amazing world. Although the English of the book is old fashion, I recommend it from the bottom of my heart! A Close: (fill out the blanks with one or two words) ROBINSON CRUSOE Robinson Crusoe has always been one of the popular novels in the English language. I believe that the to the fact above is that Robinson Crusoe is one of the realistic novels that were ever published. During the novel plot develops, describes events and scenes in great detail and them seem very alive. The fate of has held a special fascination for me. As I watch Crusoe struggle to survive alone on a Island , I pot myself in his place and wonder how long I would have lived in such harsh . Could I, like Crusoe, have begun to build anew life for myself? Or would hunger and the terrible loneliness have destroyed all hope in my , and driven me towards madness? As human being that enjoyed all his from comfortableness and luxuriousness, found this novel intriguer. Some say that in situations people discovers in themselves internal strength that they knew about before. After reading this book I that it truth. Book Reports

Elements of a Poor Geography Personal Statement Examples Essays

Elements of a Poor Geography Personal Statement Examples Essays Elements of a Poor Geography Personal Statement Examples Essay Elements of a Poor Geography Personal Statement Examples Essay It is true that good geography personal statement examples can prove to be an effective guide for those applicants who don’t know how to begin and conclude it. Personal statements are basically an important part of your college admission process. When you seek admission in any college you have to create statement relevant to your field and submit it along with an admission application. No matter which college you choose to apply to, you have to tackle such essays even if you don’t like it. Personal statement examples can help a student big time by offering him a readymade framework, explaining how an efficient statement is written. However, there are some examples that are poorly made and not worth your time. Instead of offering the students how they can craft a compelling statement, these examples take the student on the opposite track, that is, how to make it mediocre. Every student should avoid mediocre examples by understanding the various elements of a poor statement example: Ineffective Outline Ineffective outline is one of the most distinct elements of a poorly created personal statement examples. Given that a sample will provide an effective guide to the applicant, it must include an outline which is simple, effective and to the point. The role of an outline is to offer a framework to the writer so that he can understand what sort of details should be included in a manuscript and what details should be excluded. Example personal statements that do not have an effective outline are definitely not an excellent guide for the applicant. So, choose an example statement that provides you an excellent outline. Typos and Incorrect Grammar Another common element of a poorly created example is incorrect grammar. Grammar mistakes and typos are the critical errors detrimental to your personal statement. If you submit your statement to the admission department with lots of lots of typos and grammatical errors, there is not a single percent of chance that the department would accept the application unless the appraiser is blind. Remember that it will certainly be impossible for you to showcase your motivation, determination and skills to the board through a terrible statement. Therefore, it is very important that an effective example should have a correct grammar and to the point writing style. Proofreading is also necessary to make sure that the document doesn’t cater any sorts of errors. Terrible Samples There are some websites that offer students free personal statement examples or samples. These free websites are not recommended since the samples provided by these websites are terribly written. The information given in the free geography personal statement samples are mostly incorrect. The information regarding the achievements, background, academic performance or motivation of the student is written horribly in these samples. It is better to look for samples on other sites than a free website. The above given tips are very crucial and must be given serious consideration. One must make sure that these elements are not presented in the sample as such samples are only detrimental for the statement.

How to Write a Fight Scene 5 Simple Steps To Action-Filled Fights

How to Write a Fight Scene 5 Simple Steps To Action-Filled Fights How to Write a Fight Scene When tensions are high, honor is questioned, and lives may even be at stake, you know what time it is: time for a killer showdown. You’ve been building toward this explosive moment for pages, maybe your entire book, but now you come to a screeching halt - you have no idea how to write a fight scene!Fortunately, it’s not as complicated as you might think. Follow these 5 simple steps to write a fight scene that releases story tension, solves inter-character conflict, and satisfies the anxious expectations of your reader all at once. How to create a breath-stealing fight scene in just 5 steps Step 1. Motivate your playersWhen was the last time you saw someone start throwing punches out of nowhere? Probably never. Whether it’s over a lifelong grudge or a few heated words at a bar, people need believable motivation to start a fight in both real life and in fiction.Here are a few ideas to motivate your characters’ confrontations. Whichever you choose, use it as the catalyst for your fight scene, as well as to add the necessary layers of depth and complexity.SurvivalSurvival is an important motivation for any character, but especially for protagonists in horror and dystopian novels. For instance, Katniss in The Hunger Games has no choice but to attack and kill her fellow adolescent opponents if she wants to survive. However, this need to survive can escalate any physical fight, such as the gang rumbles in The Outsiders, where someone could pull out a knife at any moment. Just remember: for survival to be a credible character motivation, the situation has to be a bsolutely dire. Have you ever written a fight scene before? How did you do it? Comment below to add your own unique tips!